Financial planning
How to prepare a startup cash-flow forecast
By Fundability · Updated
A cash-flow forecast estimates when money will enter and leave the business and the cash remaining at the end of each period. It helps identify funding gaps before they occur. Use payment dates rather than treating every invoice or sale as immediate cash.
Start with opening cash and payment timing
Use the actual available opening cash balance. List expected receipts by payment date, then payments such as wages, suppliers, premises, software, loan repayments and relevant taxes. Check restricted funds separately if they cannot be used for general operations.
For an early-stage business, monthly periods may be a useful planning starting point; where cash is tight, a shorter interval can expose timing issues that a monthly total hides. Choose a frequency appropriate to your situation and get accounting advice where needed.
Calculate the closing balance
For each period, closing cash equals opening cash plus receipts minus payments. Carry that closing balance into the next period. Check that the financial model consistently handles financing, capital spending and taxes.
An illustrative business with £10,000 opening cash, £3,000 receipts and £5,000 payments closes the period with £8,000. The result changes if a customer pays late, even when the business records the same sales.
Test the assumptions that could exhaust cash
Model slower customer acquisition, delayed payment, longer development and higher delivery costs. Record which assumptions drive the first cash shortfall, how early you would see the warning and what action you could take.
A simple runway calculation can be useful, but an average monthly burn figure can hide seasonal payments or one-off costs. Use the period-by-period forecast when planning a fundraising timetable.
- Identify the first period below your operating cash requirement.
- Distinguish committed receipts from uncertain sales or funding.
- List spending that can be delayed and spending that cannot.
- Explain the milestones and decisions tied to additional funding.
Keep your forecast connected to the plan
If the business plan changes its price, hiring schedule or launch date, update cash flow and the pitch deck too. Retain versions and explain major changes to avoid circulating contradictory material.
Fundability can help create draft financial projections and assess submitted documents. The founder remains responsible for reviewing assumptions and obtaining professional accounting or financial advice where needed.
Frequently asked questions
- Is cash flow the same as profit?
- No. Profit and cash measure different things. Payment timing, financing and capital spending can cause cash to change differently from accounting profit.
- Can I use an AI cash-flow forecast without checking it?
- No. Verify the inputs, calculations, timing and consistency with your actual records before relying on the draft.